Dresden+-+SMA+-+FA11

(Also known as the **Militia, Counterculture Movement,** **Sovereign Citizen Movement)**
 * Anti-establishmentarianism** is a policy or attitude that sees the nation's government as ** corrupt, repressive or exploitive. **

Tax Protest Movement-
1913:
 * The 16th Amendment (The Income Tax) was ratified and met with Conservative opposition. The progressive nature of the amendment and loss of personal income created much dissent in the right wing.

1950's:
 * After WWII, many began to protest taxes
 * Attempts to repeal the 16th Amendment: The "Liberty Amendment" - fell short of Constitutional requirements. Last attempted to repeal; 1998

1960's:
 * Left Wing tax protest movement in a reaction to the Vietnam War ; refused to pay income taxes that funded an immoral, imperialistic "American Military Machine"

1970's:
 * The movement grew rapidly as people began to find loopholes and excuses not to pay the tax. Ex. First Amendment infringement, Pleading the Fifth, arguments involving the 13th amendment, the 16th amendment was not lawfully ratified, etc.

1980's:
 * Reagan and Bush administrations saw Anti-war protestors deny taxes after the U.S.'s unfavorable policies in Latin America

Advocates of the Movement:
1.) Arthur Porth- Protested the income tax; filed a tax return that was blank except the words, "I plead the Fifth." Traveled the country spreading anti-tax literature. Sent to prison for tax evasion charges.

2.) Abbie Hoffman- An anarchist, political and social activist from the 1960's. Founded the Youth International Party, a.k.a. Yippies.

3.) Glenn Beck- Political commentator and former FOX host. Favored by the Tea Party

4.) Ron Paul - "Intellectual Father" of the Tea party. He's hoping to become the Republican candidate for the 2012 elections

5.) Elmer Hoffman - introduced a revised Liberty Amendment that abolished income, estate, and gift taxes

6.) Ken Kesey - Leader of the Merry Pranksters. Experimented greatly with psychedelic and hallucinogenic drugs. Hoped to "stop the coming end of the world."

7.) Pink Floyd - Though their songs often have abstract meaning, many took their songs to heart by relating it to a lying, corrupt government or war

8.) William Potter Gale - Founder of the Silver shirts, a Nazi organization created after Hitler rose to power in Germany, He was part of the Posse Comitatus Movement that opposed the U.S. federal government and believed in localism and survivalism. Posse members believe that the only legitimate form of government is that of the county level and no higher law authority than the county sheriff should exist.

Those Who were Against:
1.) Michael Bloomberg- billionaire and mayor of NYC. He recently ordered a late-night police operation that cleared the local park, resulting in the arrest of about 200 protesters. He said they could return but could no longer camp there.

2.) Richard Nixon- elected to office from 1969-1974, he was the biggest "man" the hippies saw during the boom of antiestablishmentarianism. He appealed to socially conservative Americans who viewed the hippies as radical communists. Vice President Spiro Agnew voiced harsh opinions on these groups to back up Nixon's policies.

3.) The MAN; Anyone that brings you down. Albeit the government or the police that enforce peaceful protesters

Connections:
Environmental Movement; The Hippies stood up to corporations that harmed the environment

Civil Rights Movement; African Americans began to fight back against the unjust laws whether through violence or civil disobedience

Womens' Rights Movement; Women defied the male-run government to gain the rights they have today

Anti-War Movement; The War in Vietnam angered many Americans and the Hippies focused mostly on this movement to fuel their passion against the government