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Environmental awareness first emerged in the 19th century, after WWII.

__**Historical Roots and Development**__ Explain the historical roots the movement. Going back to the late 1800s and early 1900s, determine who was involved in furthering the cause. Explain their impact on the movement, legislation that resulted from their efforts, and how society changed as a result of their efforts. Be sure to discuss transformations in the movement, reactions from other groups, and society's approval of the movement.


 * 1864 Yosemite Valley becomes first state park.
 * 1872 First Arbor Day celebrated in Nebraska. Julius Sterling Morton felt that Nebraska's landscape and economy would benefit from the wide-scale planting of trees. He proposed that a special day be set aside dedicated to tree planting and increasing awareness of the importance of trees.
 * 1872 Yellowstone becomes world’s first official National Park.
 * 1894 Sierra Club founded with John Muir as President. The group wanted to promote the responsible use of the earth's ecosystems and resources and to protect and restore the quality of the natural and human environment. Over thousands of people are in the group and they have really impacted the country by cleaning up a lot of pollution over the years.
 * 1955 Air Pollution Control Act of 1955 passed following severe air quality crisis in Donora PA, when sulfur dioxide levels reached record highs and killed 20 people, hospitalizing hundreds more.
 * 1964 Wilderness Act passed. This act was a huge impact because it designating 9.1 million acres against development.
 * 1969 National Environmental Policy Act passed and Environmental Protection Agency created in order to curb growing pollution levels in both air and water and reverse the damage already done.
 * 1970 Clean Air Act passed, regulating emissions from many sources and cleaned the contaminated air that the citizens breathe.
 * 1970 Earth Day, uniting Americans nationwide in a call for better environmental action, which we still celebrate to this very day.
 * 1970 EPA wanted to protect human health and the environment. President Nixon proposed it to congress because before EPA was created, the federal government did not regulate environmental pollutants.
 * 1972 Water Pollution Control Act passed, setting standards for discharge of pollution into bodies of water so citizens can drink and swim in clean waters.
 * 1973 Endangered Species Act passed, providing legal guidelines for conservation of endangered species and their habitat, prohibits any actions that may cause further degradation of habitats and negative impact on species.

__**People Involved**__ Identify and explain the significance of at least 8 people involved in the movement. Be sure to identify at least 2 people from each quarter century.
 * **(Late 1800's)-**
 * 1) Henry David Thoreau- concerned about the wildlife in Massachusetts; he wrote __Walden; or, Life in the Woods__ as he studied the wildlife from a cabin.
 * 2) Julius Sterling Morton- felt that Nebraska's landscape and economy would benefit from the wide-scale planting of trees. He proposed that a special day be set aside dedicated to tree planting and increasing awareness of the importance of trees.
 * 3) George Perkins Marsh- an influence towards the need for resource conservation.
 * **(1900-1925)-**
 * 1) John Muir- founded and became the first president of the Sierra Club, one of the largest U.S. conservation organizations. He also was instrumental in the creation of the world's first national park at Yellowstone in 1872.
 * 2) Gifford Pinchot- a conservationists that wanted to manage natural resources for human use


 * **(1925-1950)-**
 * 1) Walt Disney Company- proposed new goals for waste, carbon emissions, energy, water, ecosystems to reduce its impact on the environment. They helped by friends for change, planet challenge, and a worldwide conservation fund.


 * **(1950-1975)-**
 * 1) President Richard Nixon- proposed EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) to congress because he felt that the federal government was not doing as much as it could for the environment.
 * 2) Rachel Carson- wrote the book Silent Spring (1962), which drew attention to the impact of chemicals on the natural environment.

Identify 3 people who worked against your movement. How did these people attempt to stop the forward progress of your cause. __**Connections**__ Elaborating on the point above, explain your role and connection 3 other social movements. This could relate to a sharing of leadership, goals, or other traits.
 * **President George W. Bush-** disregarding safeguards, ignoring climate concerns, marginalizing sound science and supporting industries that endangered Americans' health and natural heritage. He rejected the Kyoto Protocol, an international agreement to curb global warming emissions, and has not taken any meaningful action on global warming.
 * **General Motors-** damaged the environment of this country by the toxic chemicals in produces. The chemicals caused dead trees, dead gardens and health problems. The air was choking to breathe, and the children were burned by the presence of toxic wastes as they played outside. General Motor’s Delphi facility in Indiana released 603,900 pounds of toxic chemicals into the environment in 1994 alone. It was named one of the top 100 air polluters.
 * **Shell Oil Company**- violated the Clean Air Act by loading 28.4 million gallons of gasoline into their facility and produced 170 tons of volatile organic compounds per year. The result was an uncontrollable volatile organic compound emission.


 * 1) The anti-nuclear movements efforts gained a great deal of attention helped further research for the environmental movement. The accident with Three Mile Island in 1979 caused a mass of demonstrations. The incident had involved two hundred thousand people. Since the 1970s, public awareness, environmental sciences, ecology and technology have advanced and included focus on ozone depletion, global climate change, acid rain, and the harmful genetically modified organisms (GMO's).
 * 2) Animal right's movements ties in with environmental issues. Acts such as the Endangered Species Preservation Act (1966), Endangered Species Conservation Act (1969), Marine Mammal Protection Act (1972), and Endangered Species Act (1937) have all impacted environmental movements.
 * 3) Human Rights movement shares the same concerns. If they work together, they can accomplish more goals and help the future of the environment and public health for humans.

__**Present and Future**__ Explain where the movement stands today. Also, predict how the efforts of the movement today will impact American society and culture in 20 years.

We have evolved greatly over the past few years, but that doesn't mean the problem is solved. There is still a lot we can do for the environment and if more people tired to help, we do a lot in the next twenty years or so. Maybe even get id of environmental issues all together.


 * WORKS CITED:**
 * 1978, releasing more than 80 different chemical compounds, including 11 carcinogens rising upwards through the earth into the homes, yards, and schools.. "The Cutting Edge News." //The Cutting Edge News - Page One//. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2011. .
 * "Arbor Day." //Arbor Day//. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2011. .
 * "Climate change will reach point of no return in 20 years, says expert | Science | The Guardian ." //Latest US and world news, sport and comment from the Guardian | guardiannews.com | The Guardian// . N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2011. .
 * "Earth Day: No More Burning Rivers, But New Threats | Fox News." //Fox News - Breaking News Updates | Latest News Headlines | Photos & News Videos//. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2011. .
 * Litton, Martin. "Glen Canyon Institute." //Glen Canyon Institute//. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2011. .
 * MARGIL, MARI, and GUEST COLUMNIST. "Companies' support goes against the environment - seattlepi.com." //Seattle news, sports, events, entertainment | seattlepi.com - seattlepi.com//. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2011. .
 * "NRDC: The Bush Record." //Natural Resources Defense Council â The Earthâs Best Defense | NRDC//. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2011. .
 * protests, the mid-1970s anti-nuclear activism had moved beyond local, and influence. Although it lacked a single co-ordinating organization the anti-nuclear movement. "Environmental movement - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia." //Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia//. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2011. .
 * "United States Environmental Protection Agency - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia." //Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia//. N.p., n.d. Web. 14 Nov. 2011. .
 * "Shell Oil Company - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia." //Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia//. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Nov. 2011. .
 * "The Walt Disney Company - Corporate Citizenship." //The Walt Disney Company and Affiliated Companies - Corporate Information//. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Nov. 2011. .
 * "Why the human rights and environmental movements must be allies not adversaries ." //LSE Human Rights//. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Nov. 2011. .


 * pictures**
 * "Air pollution - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia." //Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia//. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Nov. 2011. .
 * "Arbor Day." //Welcome to District 205//. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Nov. 2011. .
 * "Earthday Images, Graphics, Comments and Pictures - Myspace, Friendster, & Hi5." //Images, Graphics, Comments and Pictures - Myspace, Friendster, & Hi5//. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Nov. 2011. .
 * "Water pollution oil spills Image Collection - News - Mining News and Journal." //Mining News and Journal - Mining Exploration News – Trade Company Mining Exploration Investment Gold Nickel Silver Energy Trade Market Mine Drilling Diamond Mineral Price//. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Nov. 2011. .
 * admin, and 2011. "Stand against the nuclear industry on Hiroshima Day « Broad Left." //Broad Left//. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Nov. 2011. <http://broadleft.net/2011/08/stand-against-the-nuclear-industry-on-hiroshima-day/>.